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EU directives are a powerful and flexible legal instrument not only in the hands of individuals, but also in the hands of the national administrative authorities of the Member States. Until recently, they were exclusively…
After exploring in the first volume of this project how the Court of Justice has interpreted and applied Article 47 of the Charter and the principle of effective judicial protection (see our conclusions on the…
In our contribution to Article 47 of the EU Charter and Effective Judicial Protection – Volume 2: The national courts’ perspective, Gráinne Gilmore, Clíodhna Murphy and I examine the impact of Article 47 of the…