On 25 June 2024, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) delivered its landmark judgment on the Taranto former Ilva steelworks (located in Southern Italy). In case C-626/22, the Grand Chamber strengthened the…
Harmonised rules, decentralised authorities EU law frequently relies on harmonised rules that are applied by decentralised national authorities. Value Added Tax (VAT) provides a clear example of this phenomenon. The relevant legal framework here is…
1. Introduction Regulation (EU) 2020/2092 on the so-called rule of law conditionality (hereinafter: RoL Regulation) has been applied, thus far, on a single occasion, namely through the 2022 Council decision ordering the suspension of…
1. A Principle Born from Crisis Among the novelties of the European Union (EU)’s pandemic response, the “Do No Significant Harm” (DNSH) principle stands out as a novel form of environmental conditionality in the EU…
A. From direct and indirect administration to administrative cooperation The EU relies on the Member States’ public administration for the administrative implementation and enforcement of EU law (Article 291(1) and Article 197(1) TFEU). However, the…